{"id":337,"date":"2009-09-10T21:57:49","date_gmt":"2009-09-10T19:57:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cultureduca.com\/blog\/?p=337"},"modified":"2015-05-21T15:23:52","modified_gmt":"2015-05-21T13:23:52","slug":"henry-purcell","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/culturblog\/henry-purcell\/","title":{"rendered":"HENRY PURCELL"},"content":{"rendered":"

Este compositor naci\u00f3 en Londres en 1659 y muri\u00f3 el 21 de noviembre de 1695, fue enterrado en la abad\u00eda de Westminster, era hijo de un m\u00fasico de la capilla de Carlos II, qued\u00f3 hu\u00e9rfano a los seis a\u00f1os y con ocho formaba parte del coro de la capilla real en donde tuvo como maestro a Henri Cooke, Humphrey y Blow; aprendi\u00f3 viol\u00edn, tiorba, virginal, \u00f3rgano y teor\u00eda de la m\u00fasica. En 1673 se ve forzado a dejar el coro debido al cambio de voz y entonces fue nombrado ayudante de John Hingston que era el conservador de los instrumentos, esa faceta es la que le permitir\u00e1 a Purcell encargarse del \u00f3rgano de la abad\u00eda entre 1674-1678.En 1677 fue nombrado compositor de violines, sustitu\u00eda a Matrhew Locke, cuya influencia ser\u00e1 notoria en toda la obra de Purcell que le dedicar\u00eda su Gentle shepherds, ye that know<\/em> (1677). Dos a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s suced\u00eda a Blow como organista de Westminster, el cargo le proporcionar\u00e1 una mejor posici\u00f3n econ\u00f3mica. En 1682 sustituye a Lowe como uno de los organistas de la exclusiva capilla real; al a\u00f1o siguiente lo mismo con Hingston a quien le sucede como organista responsable del mantenimiento de los instrumentos reales. A su muerte ser\u00eda enterrado en la nave superior de la abad\u00eda, al lado del \u00f3rgano que tanto le dio, era el 26 de noviembre de 1695.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

A pesar de su corta vida, su producci\u00f3n musical fue considerable, sus primeras piezas datan de 1680, se trata de tres fantas\u00edas para violas; la canci\u00f3n de bienvenida al soberano Carlos III: Welcome, vicegerent of the mighty king <\/em>y la parte musical de la obra teatral Theodosius o la fuerza del amor <\/em>de Lee. En 1692 ve\u00eda la luz Fairy Queen; <\/em>\u00a0en 1693 The Double Dealer<\/em>; The Married Beau <\/em>en 1694 y en el de su muerte la semi \u00f3pera The Tempest.<\/em><\/p>\n

Su m\u00fasica se vio influenciada por las circunstancias de la monarqu\u00eda y la sociedad de la \u00e9poca, la mayor\u00eda de sus piezas fueron oberturas, entreactos, danzas y canciones. Algunas de las producciones teatrales le proporcionaron la oportunidad de incluir mascaradas y escenas con un alto contenido musical; entre ellas The Prophetes <\/em>o la historia de Diocleciano (1690) destinada a celebrar las victorias de Guillermo III en Irlanda, la escrita por John Dryden King Arthur o The British Worthy <\/em>(1691). Pero su gran obra maestra fue Dido & Aeneas <\/em>(1689) que prepar\u00f3 para ser interpretada en una escuela de ni\u00f1as en el exclusivo Chelsea, est\u00e1 considerada una de las mejores \u00f3peras del XVII y la primera genuinamente brit\u00e1nica.<\/p>\n

Purcell no escap\u00f3 a la moda de su tiempo consistente en homenajear a los miembros de la familia real [eran los que le proteg\u00edan, por lo tanto l\u00f3gico acariciar las espaldas del poder], no es extra\u00f1o encontrar canciones compuestas para la realeza, destacan nueve canciones y una oda para las bodas del pr\u00edncipe Jorge de Dinamarca y la princesa Ana. Realiz\u00f3 seis piezas para los cumplea\u00f1os de la reina Mar\u00eda; fue uno de los per\u00edodos m\u00e1s conocidos de Purcell el transcurrido entre 1680-1695.<\/p>\n

Prol\u00edfico autor de m\u00fasica religiosa que sol\u00eda iniciar con oberturas al estilo de la \u00f3pera francesa. En esta vertiente sobresalen varias piezas: In thee, O Lord, do I put my trust <\/em>(1682), O sing unto the Lord <\/em>(1688) y el m\u00e1s impresionante de todos My heart is inditing <\/em>(1685) que prepar\u00f3 para las ceremonias de coronaci\u00f3n de Jaime II.<\/p>\n

Tambi\u00e9n realiz\u00f3 150 canciones de alto contenido dram\u00e1tico y un centenar de piezas formaron parte de los populares repertorios de cancioneros de aquella \u00e9poca. Est\u00e1 considerado uno de los compositores ingleses m\u00e1s importantes de todos los tiempos y su producci\u00f3n abarca todos los g\u00e9neros: vocal, m\u00fasica religiosa y profana en forma de himnos, c\u00e1nones y motetes polif\u00f3nicos y mon\u00f3dicos o en forma de odas; cantos de bienvenida y aniversario para solo, d\u00fao o conjunto con acompa\u00f1amiento orquestal.<\/p>\n

En la m\u00fasica instrumental ilustra la belleza literaria de autores cl\u00e1sicos, seria el caso de Edipo (1692), Don Quijote (1694), El Rey Ricardo II de Shakespeare (1690), La tempestad de Moli\u00e8re (1685), etc. Su obra completa abarc\u00f3 nada menos que 33\u00a0 vol\u00famenes que da una idea de la alta producci\u00f3n y la versatilidad de uno de los m\u00e1s grandes nombres de la historia de la m\u00fasica universal.<\/p>\n

El sello que le dedic\u00f3 el Royal Mail es un facial acifrado (tarifa de primera clase dentro del territorio brit\u00e1nico) y forma parte de una serie de diez efectos en la que comparte honores con Fred Perry (tenis), Matt Busby (f\u00fatbol, recuerden la tragedia del Manchester United en el aeropuerto de Munich en 1958), William Gladstone (pol\u00edtico, primer ministro en cuatro ocasiones), Mary Wollstonecraft (una de las primeras mujeres que luch\u00f3 por sus derechos, autora de A Vindication of the Rights of Women)<\/em>, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle (doctor, creador del famoso Sherlock Holmes), Donald Campbell (recordman mundial de velocidad sobre el agua, alcanz\u00f3 las 260 millas en 1959 en Coniston Water), Judy Fryd (luch\u00f3 por la educaci\u00f3n para los discapacitados y en 1946 form\u00f3 la National Association of Parents of Backward Children), Samuel Jonson (escritor, entre sus grandes aportes est\u00e1 el Dictionary of the English Language <\/em>aparecido en 1755, fue el m\u00e1s usado hasta que en 1928 apareci\u00f3 el c\u00e9lebre \u00abOxford\u00bb) y Sir Martin Ryle (radioastronom\u00eda, en 1959 form\u00f3 el grupo correspondiente en la Universidad de Cambridge y bajo su direcci\u00f3n apareci\u00f3 el Third Cambridge Catalogue of Radio Sources (3C) <\/em>un mapa estelar y las diferentes radiofuentes. Trabaj\u00f3 en la teor\u00eda del Big-Band, los honores reales le llegaron en 1966 (Sir) y el Nobel en 1974, su sello fue realizado con la colaboraci\u00f3n de The Cavendish Laboratory.<\/p>\n

Las ilustraciones de los diez sellos proceden de diferentes fuentes, para el de Purcell se emple\u00f3 el de la Naxos Rights International Ltd. Los sellos se emitieron en hojas de 60 (dos bloques de 30 ejemplares), formato cuadrado (35×35 mm), se imprimieron en litograf\u00eda por Cartor Security Printing en Meauc\u00e9 (Francia) seg\u00fan el dise\u00f1o de Together Design. Se lanzaron tambi\u00e9n las correspondientes tarjetas y sobre de primer d\u00eda que se ponen a la venta una semana antes que los sellos para facilitar a los aficionados la confecci\u00f3n de las tarjetas m\u00e1ximas. Hubo dos matasellos de primer d\u00eda en Britannia-Bacup (Lancashire) con un texto de Mary Wollstonecraft y Edimburgo (texto de Samuel Johnson) que se aplicaron el 8 de octubre de 2009.<\/p>\n

www.royalmail.com\/stamps
\nkhollingsworth@aawazltd.com<\/a><\/p>\n

JUAN FRANCO CRESPO
\nlacandon999@yahoo.es<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Este compositor naci\u00f3 en Londres en 1659 y muri\u00f3 el 21 de noviembre de 1695, fue enterrado en la abad\u00eda de Westminster, era hijo de un m\u00fasico de la capilla de Carlos II, qued\u00f3 hu\u00e9rfano a los seis a\u00f1os y con ocho formaba parte del coro de la capilla real\u2026<\/p>\n

Seguir leyendo…<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":-1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"twitter_226634691_226634691":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14,20,7],"tags":[1010,1016,1012,1018,1039,1032,1017,1028,1030,1021,1064],"class_list":["post-337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-filatelia","category-musica","category-personajes","tag-amor","tag-arte","tag-ave","tag-ayuda","tag-belleza","tag-estilo","tag-historia","tag-musica-2","tag-radio","tag-sociedad","tag-universidad"],"yoast_head":"\nHENRY PURCELL - Blog Cultureduca educativa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"HENRY PURCELL - Blog Cultureduca educativa 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