{"id":18,"date":"2008-06-25T23:41:08","date_gmt":"2008-06-25T21:41:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.cultureduca.com\/blog\/?p=18"},"modified":"2015-12-29T21:08:50","modified_gmt":"2015-12-29T19:08:50","slug":"18","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/culturblog\/18\/","title":{"rendered":"El Romancero"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">\u00abRomancero\u00bb es el t\u00e9rmino que surgi\u00f3 en el siglo XVI para nombrar la colecci\u00f3n de romances. \u00c9stos ya exist\u00edan por tradici\u00f3n oral mucho antes de la invenci\u00f3n de la imprenta (los primeros romances conocidos son del siglo XIV). A partir de 1510 comenzaron a aparecer romances en pliegos sueltos, y en 1525 aparece la primera colecci\u00f3n romanc\u00edstica que se conoce, el <em>Libro de los Cincuenta Romances<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"color: #800000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/images_culturblog\/portada_romancero.jpg\" alt=\"El Romancero\" width=\"266\" height=\"337\" \/><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"color: #800000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small;\">Portada de la primera colecci\u00f3n de romances que se conoce (1525)<br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-size: xx-small;\">Fuente: <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Portada\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: xx-small;\">Wikimedia Commons<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Pero fue en la d\u00e9cada de de 1540 cuando se inici\u00f3 una verdadera difusi\u00f3n impresa del romance, que dio lugar a la \u00e9poca de los cancioneros. Entre los m\u00e1s importantes textos publicados cabe citar:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><em>&#8211; Cancionero de romances<\/em><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><em> (Amberes, 1548),<\/em> de Mart\u00edn Nucio, que constituy\u00f3 la primera antolog\u00eda del romancero viejo espa\u00f1ol.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">&#8211; Romancero general<\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"> (Madrid, 1600).<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><em>&#8211; Rosa de romances<\/em><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><em>,<\/em> del autor dram\u00e1tico valenciano Juan Timoneda (1572-73), que destac\u00f3 en poes\u00eda popular y lleg\u00f3 a figurar entre los mejores poetas del Siglo de Oro espa\u00f1ol.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">El origen del Romancero<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Sobre el origen de los romances han surgido varias teor\u00edas, aunque pueden resumirse en dos l\u00edneas de opini\u00f3n: una parte defiende que los romances proceder\u00edan de los cantares de gesta (como el Cantar del m\u00edo Cid), fuera mediante partici\u00f3n de los versos o como continuaci\u00f3n de este tipo de poes\u00eda tras su desaparici\u00f3n. Otra parte, cuya opini\u00f3n se asume como m\u00e1s veros\u00edmil, defiende que los romances nacieron como g\u00e9nero independiente de los cantares de gesta, pues poseen elementos procedentes de la poes\u00eda l\u00edrica, aunque tambi\u00e9n guarden alguna relaci\u00f3n con los cantares de gesta en cuanto a los temas y algunos aspectos m\u00e9tricos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Estilo y m\u00e9trica del Romancero<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">El estilo de los romances consiste en una composici\u00f3n po\u00e9tica de versos generalmente octos\u00edlabos, en n\u00famero indefinido, de rima asonante en los versos pares y sin rima en los impares. Su caracter\u00edstica m\u00e1s destacada es el di\u00e1logo de tono dram\u00e1tico de comienzo abrupto y final abierto, el uso de repeticiones y paralelismos, as\u00ed como la mezcla y confusi\u00f3n de los tiempos verbales. Es de origen espa\u00f1ol, forma propia de la poes\u00eda narrativa hispana, apta tambi\u00e9n para la l\u00edrica.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Seg\u00fan su m\u00e9trica, el romance adquiere diferentes nombres:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Heroico:<\/span>\u00a0De once s\u00edlabas<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Endecha:<\/span> De siete s\u00edlabas<br \/>\n<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Romancillo:<\/span> De seis s\u00edlabas<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Una estrofa de un famoso romance de Lope de Vega:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008080; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">A mis soledades voy,<br \/>\nde mis soledades vengo,<br \/>\nporque para andar conmigo<br \/>\nme bastan mis pensamientos.<br \/>\nNo s\u00e9 qu\u00e9 tiene el aldea<br \/>\ndonde vivo y donde muero<br \/>\nque con venir de m\u00ed mismo<br \/>\nno puedo venir m\u00e1s lejos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #808000; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Clasificaci\u00f3n del Romancero<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">En cuanto a su clasificaci\u00f3n, existen variadas f\u00f3rmulas, pero est\u00e1 bastante asumido que existen tres grupos bien definidos, que abarcan todos los romances viejos, los an\u00f3nimos y los transmitidos por tradici\u00f3n oral: ser\u00edan los hist\u00f3ricos, literarios y de aventura o novelescos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">&#8211; Los hist\u00f3ricos narran hechos concretos de la historia, los cuales podr\u00edan ser incluso contempor\u00e1neos de los acontecimientos que se relatan.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">&#8211; Los literarios son los que se relacionan m\u00e1s con las cr\u00f3nicas hist\u00f3ricas y los cantares de gesta.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">&#8211; Por su parte, los de aventuras o novelescos tratan temas amorosos, de misterio, truculentos, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Esta clasificaci\u00f3n general, no obvia que existen variados g\u00e9neros definidos o inspirados seg\u00fan la \u00e9poca o las fuentes, entre los siglos XV y XX, tales como los moriscos, caballerescos, l\u00edricos, fronterizos, eruditos, cultos, art\u00edsticos, artificiosos, rom\u00e1nticos, o contempor\u00e1neos como los de Lorca, Alberti, Machado, etc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">La \u00e9poca de composici\u00f3n de los Romanceros los divide en tres grupos b\u00e1sicos:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Romancero viejo:<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"> aquellos romances an\u00f3nimos de tradici\u00f3n oral que eran cantados por los juglares y por el pueblo, que se compusieron con anterioridad al siglo XV, pero cuyos textos fueron impresos o copiados en manuscritos entre los siglos XV y XVI.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Romancero nuevo:<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"> aquellos cuyos textos fueron escritos por los poetas cultos a partir del finales del siglo XVI y XVII (ejemplo de Cervantes, Quevedo, G\u00f3ngora&#8230;). La mayor\u00eda son creaciones seducidas por los romances viejos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Romancero oral:<\/span><\/span><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"> son aquellos que se transmitieron de forma oral y recogidos durante los siglos XIX y XX.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00abRomancero\u00bb es el t\u00e9rmino que surgi\u00f3 en el siglo XVI para nombrar la colecci\u00f3n de romances. \u00c9stos ya exist\u00edan por tradici\u00f3n oral mucho antes de la invenci\u00f3n de la imprenta (los primeros romances conocidos son del siglo XIV). A partir de 1510 comenzaron a aparecer romances en pliegos sueltos, y\u2026<\/p>\n<p class=\"continue-reading-button\"> <a class=\"continue-reading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/culturblog\/18\/\">Seguir leyendo&#8230;<i class=\"crycon-right-dir\"><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":75,"featured_media":-1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"rop_custom_images_group":[],"rop_custom_messages_group":[],"rop_publish_now":"initial","rop_publish_now_accounts":{"twitter_226634691_226634691":""},"rop_publish_now_history":[],"rop_publish_now_status":"pending","_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[1010,1016,1017,1145,1057,1323,1324,1150],"class_list":["post-18","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-literatura","tag-amor","tag-arte","tag-historia","tag-libro","tag-pensamiento","tag-r","tag-romancero","tag-textos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>El Romancero<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El Romancero\" \/>\n<meta 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