{"id":491,"date":"2021-11-25T20:34:32","date_gmt":"2021-11-25T20:34:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/aula\/?p=491"},"modified":"2021-12-01T15:25:28","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T15:25:28","slug":"ecologia-general-factores-ambientales-abioticos-1a-parte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/aula\/ecologia-general-factores-ambientales-abioticos-1a-parte\/","title":{"rendered":"ECOLOG\u00cdA GENERAL – FACTORES AMBIENTALES ABI\u00d3TICOS – 1\u00aa PARTE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Todos los organismos est\u00e1n expuestos a factores f\u00edsicos y qu\u00edmicos del ambiente  que influyen en su crecimiento o expansi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Esos factores pueden ser limitativos individualmente, por ello un ser vivo podr\u00eda disponer de un conjunto de nutrientes que precisa para subsistir excepto uno, y de esta forma quedar limitado su crecimiento; a esa carencia se le denomina factor limitante<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"
Todos los organismos est\u00e1n expuestos a factores f\u00edsicos y qu\u00edmicos del ambiente  que influyen en su crecimiento o expansi\u00f3n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Definiciones<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Se puede definir un factor ambiental abi\u00f3tico (no biol\u00f3gico) como \u00abcualquier caracter\u00edstica ambiental que se encuentra en cantidad inferior a la m\u00ednima que necesita un organismo para la vida\u00bb. Liebig descubri\u00f3 este hecho cuando estudiaba los nutrientes que necesitaban las plantas, observando que uno de ellos inhib\u00eda su crecimiento cuando lo recib\u00eda en cantidad menor a sus necesidades; se conoce por ley de m\u00ednimo<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A la capacidad que tiene un organismo para adaptarse a las variaciones ambientales (por exceso o por defecto), o para colonizar medios distintos, se le denomina valencia<\/em> ecol\u00f3gica<\/em>. Cuando los organismos tienen que soportar unos factores ambientales cuyos l\u00edmites son muy estrechos reciben el nombre de estenoicos<\/em> (baja valencia); si por el contrario son capaces de soportar una incidencia de factores de amplio espectro se les llama eurioicos<\/em> (alta valencia). Durante el desarrollo del individuo la valencia es variable (menor valencia en los m\u00e1s j\u00f3venes).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los factores reciben nombres que se asocian al prefijo euri <\/em>y esteno<\/em>, para definir que factor influye y si lo soporta o no; ejemplo: termo<\/em> para variaciones de temperatura, halino<\/em> para la concentraci\u00f3n de sales del medio, higro<\/em> para humedad del entorno; as\u00ed, prefijo y sufijo construyen los t\u00e9rminos euritermo<\/em> o estenotermo<\/em>, eurihalino<\/em> o estenohalino<\/em> y eurihigro<\/em> o estenohigro<\/em>. La capacidad de adaptaci\u00f3n de un organismo a las variaciones ambientales no se mide en valores extremos, sino que sigue una curva de tolerancia biol\u00f3gica en el que existe un punto \u00f3ptimo de m\u00e1xima vitalidad.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Los factores ambientales abi\u00f3ticos se dividen en factores clim\u00e1ticos<\/em> o dependientes del clima, factores hidrogr\u00e1ficos<\/em> o dependientes del agua, y factores ed\u00e1ficos<\/em> o dependientes del suelo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"
\u00cdndice Ecolog\u00eda<\/span><\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Todos los organismos est\u00e1n expuestos a factores f\u00edsicos y qu\u00edmicos del ambiente  que influyen en su crecimiento o expansi\u00f3n. Esos factores pueden ser limitativos individualmente, por ello un ser vivo podr\u00eda disponer de un conjunto de nutrientes que precisa para subsistir excepto uno, y de esta forma quedar limitado su…<\/p>\n

Seguir leyendo…<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":-1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[97,95,4,94,5,38],"class_list":["post-491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecologia","tag-abioticos","tag-ambientales","tag-ecologia","tag-factores","tag-general","tag-parte"],"yoast_head":"\nECOLOG\u00cdA GENERAL - FACTORES AMBIENTALES ABI\u00d3TICOS - 1\u00aa PARTE - Aula de Naturaleza educativa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/aula\/ecologia-general-factores-ambientales-abioticos-1a-parte\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ECOLOG\u00cdA GENERAL - FACTORES AMBIENTALES ABI\u00d3TICOS - 1\u00aa PARTE - Aula de Naturaleza educativa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Todos los organismos est\u00e1n expuestos a factores f\u00edsicos y qu\u00edmicos del ambiente  que influyen en su crecimiento o expansi\u00f3n. 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