{"id":470,"date":"2021-11-25T00:14:29","date_gmt":"2021-11-25T00:14:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/aula\/?p=470"},"modified":"2021-12-01T15:16:54","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T15:16:54","slug":"ecologia-general-la-fotosintesis-10a-parte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/aula\/ecologia-general-la-fotosintesis-10a-parte\/","title":{"rendered":"ECOLOG\u00cdA GENERAL – LA FOTOS\u00cdNTESIS – 10\u00aa PARTE"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

El estudio de la fotos\u00edntesis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

El estudio cient\u00edfico de la fotos\u00edntesis se inici\u00f3 en 1771, con las observaciones hechas por el qu\u00edmico Ingl\u00e9s Joseph Priestley. Priestley hizo el experimento de quemar una vela dentro de un recipiente cerrado, observando que se apagaba cuando el aire ya no pod\u00eda mantener la combusti\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tras insertar una ramita verde de menta en el contenedor, Priestley descubri\u00f3 que transcurridos varios d\u00edas se hab\u00eda producido alguna sustancia (que m\u00e1s tarde ser\u00eda identificada como el ox\u00edgeno), y que permit\u00eda que el aire confinado apoyase de nuevo la combusti\u00f3n de la vela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Se considera a Priestley como el descubridor del ox\u00edgeno, hecho que sin embargo tambi\u00e9n fue estudiado por otros coet\u00e1neos suyos, como Carl Wilhelm Scheele y Antoine Lavoisier. Lo que s\u00ed puede atribuirse sin duda a Priestley, es el haber descubierto la importancia fundamental que el ox\u00edgeno juega en la vida de cualquier organismo, al conseguir aislarlo e interpretar su funci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"
Joseph Priestley (1732-1804)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1779 el m\u00e9dico y bot\u00e1nico brit\u00e1nico de origen holand\u00e9s Jan Ingenhousz revis\u00f3 y ampli\u00f3 la obra de Priestley, demostrando que la planta deb\u00eda ser expuesta a la luz para que la sustancia combustible (el ox\u00edgeno) pudiera ser restaurada, es decir, interpret\u00f3 el proceso mismo de la fotos\u00edntesis, motivo por el que es reconocido como su descubridor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ingenhousz tambi\u00e9n experiment\u00f3 con diferentes tipos de vegetales, demostrando que en el proceso fotosint\u00e9tico se requiere la presencia de los tejidos verdes de las plantas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Jan Ingenhousz (1730-1799)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 1782 se demostr\u00f3 que el comburente (el ox\u00edgeno) se form\u00f3 a expensas de otro gas, que hab\u00eda sido identificado el a\u00f1o anterior como di\u00f3xido de carbono.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diversos experimentos de intercambio de gases realizados en 1804, concluyeron que la ganancia de peso de una planta era producto de la suma del carbono, obtenido a partir del di\u00f3xido de carbono y del agua absorbida por las ra\u00edces de las plantas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuvo que transcurrir casi cincuenta a\u00f1os m\u00e1s para que el concepto de energ\u00eda qu\u00edmica se desarrollase lo suficiente, como para permitir el descubrimiento (en 1845) que la energ\u00eda lum\u00ednica del sol se almacena en forma de energ\u00eda qu\u00edmica en los productos formados durante la fotos\u00edntesis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e9ase tambi\u00e9n aqu\u00ed –>informaci\u00f3n sobre el estudio de los cloroplastos<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"
\u00cdndice Ecolog\u00eda<\/span><\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El estudio de la fotos\u00edntesis El estudio cient\u00edfico de la fotos\u00edntesis se inici\u00f3 en 1771, con las observaciones hechas por el qu\u00edmico Ingl\u00e9s Joseph Priestley. Priestley hizo el experimento de quemar una vela dentro de un recipiente cerrado, observando que se apagaba cuando el aire ya no pod\u00eda mantener la…<\/p>\n

Seguir leyendo…<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":-1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[4,89,5,38],"class_list":["post-470","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecologia","tag-ecologia","tag-fotosintesis","tag-general","tag-parte"],"yoast_head":"\nECOLOG\u00cdA GENERAL - LA FOTOS\u00cdNTESIS - 10\u00aa PARTE - Aula de Naturaleza educativa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/aula\/ecologia-general-la-fotosintesis-10a-parte\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ECOLOG\u00cdA GENERAL - LA FOTOS\u00cdNTESIS - 10\u00aa PARTE - Aula de Naturaleza educativa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El estudio de la fotos\u00edntesis El estudio cient\u00edfico de la fotos\u00edntesis se inici\u00f3 en 1771, con las observaciones hechas por el qu\u00edmico Ingl\u00e9s Joseph Priestley. 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