{"id":412,"date":"2021-11-23T22:44:00","date_gmt":"2021-11-23T22:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/docencia\/?p=412"},"modified":"2021-12-01T14:41:50","modified_gmt":"2021-12-01T14:41:50","slug":"ecologia-general-la-biosfera","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/aula\/ecologia-general-la-biosfera\/","title":{"rendered":"ECOLOG\u00cdA GENERAL – LA BIOSFERA"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTabla de contenidos\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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  1. Introducci\u00f3n<\/a>
  2. \u00bfQu\u00e9 comprende la biosfera y hasta donde abarca la vida…?<\/a><\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\n\n

    Introducci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    La biosfera es la parte de la corteza terrestre en la cual se desarrolla o es posible la vida, es decir, desde determinada altura de la atm\u00f3sfera hasta el fondo de los oc\u00e9anos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Este espacio vital abarca unas zonas llamadas biociclos<\/em>: el biociclo del agua salada (mares y oc\u00e9anos), biociclo del agua dulce (r\u00edos y lagos), y biociclo terrestre (suelo y el aire en contacto con \u00e9l).La noci\u00f3n de biosfera, o dominio poblado por los seres vivos en la Tierra, fue introducida por Lamarck y desarrollada por el ge\u00f3logo austriaco Edward Suess, en 1873. Pero su estudio sistem\u00e1tico desde el punto de vista geoqu\u00edmico no adquiri\u00f3 la debida difusi\u00f3n hasta 1929, con motivo de la edici\u00f3n francesa de la obra del acad\u00e9mico ruso Vladimir I. Vernadski, La biosphere<\/em> (Librairie F\u00e9lix Alcan, Par\u00eds), traducci\u00f3n de la publicada en su lengua original en 1924. Se re\u00fanen en este libro una serie de art\u00edculos de s\u00edntesis, a su vez resumen de las investigaciones originales del autor y de su escuela, publicados en la Revue generale des Sciences<\/em> de Par\u00eds y en el Bolet\u00edn de la Academia de Ciencias de Leningrado<\/em>, formando un conjunto de doctrina con personalidad propia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"
    Biosfera, foto NASA<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Seg\u00fan Vernadski, la materia viva est\u00e1 distribuida sobre la superficie terrestre, formando una capa o envoltura m\u00e1s o menos uniforme, aunque bastante continua, y relativamente delgada para poder concentrar y aprovechar la energ\u00eda qu\u00edmica libre procedente del Sol. Esta envoltura constituye la biosfera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00bfQu\u00e9 comprende la biosfera y hasta donde abarca la vida…?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    La biosfera comprende (aproximadamente) la hidrosfera, la zona m\u00e1s superficial de la litosfera y la parte inferior de la troposfera, es decir, abarca desde unos 50 km. de altitud en la atm\u00f3sfera, hasta los fondos de los oc\u00e9anos m\u00e1s profundos. En la biosfera la vida depende de la circulaci\u00f3n de nutrientes esenciales, calor y energ\u00eda solar.La Tierra que alberga la biosfera es de superficie irregular, mide en total 510.101.000 km2. El di\u00e1metro en el ecuador es de 12.756 km. La circunferencia en el ecuador es de 40.076 km. El m\u00e1ximo desnivel es de 20 km., existente entre el monte Everest (8.848 m.) el m\u00e1s alto del planeta,  y la fosa marina de las Marianas superior a 11.000 m. de profundidad. En su mayor\u00eda est\u00e1 recubierta de agua salada, y tan s\u00f3lo una cuarta parte de su superficie queda por encima del nivel de las aguas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"
    <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Todo el planeta est\u00e1 envuelto en la atm\u00f3sfera, una capa gaseosa que se extiende hasta unos 300 km. de alturaTodo el planeta est\u00e1 envuelto por una capa gaseosa, la atm\u00f3sfera, que se extiende hasta unos 300 km. de altura, aunque s\u00f3lo hasta la estratosfera (50 km. de altura) se mantiene la influencia sobre los seres vivos. Los fen\u00f3menos meteorol\u00f3gicos tienen lugar en su mayor\u00eda en la troposfera (10 km. de altura).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    El medio en que se desarrolla la vida, la biosfera, consta pues de troposfera, hidrosfera (mares, oc\u00e9anos y aguas continentales), y la parte m\u00e1s externa de la corteza terrestre (litosfera). En la biosfera existe vida en todas la \u00e1reas emergidas, y hasta unos pocos metros de profundidad del suelo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"
    La biosfera, o zona donde se desarrolla la vida, consta de troposfera, hidrosfera y la parte m\u00e1s externa de la corteza terrestre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    En el mar, la mayor parte de los organismos acu\u00e1ticos se concentran en profundidades inferiores a 200 m., pero es evidente que la vida se extiende incluso hasta las grandes fosas marinas, como resulta de la observaci\u00f3n de peces y moluscos a 6.000 m. de profundidad, y cuyas investigaciones no rebasan esa distancia por las dificultades tecnol\u00f3gicas para superarla, y que probablemente desvelar\u00eda que la vida no se limita a profundidades inferiores a las observadas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"
    \u00cdndice Ecolog\u00eda<\/span><\/a> <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Introducci\u00f3n La biosfera es la parte de la corteza terrestre en la cual se desarrolla o es posible la vida, es decir, desde determinada altura de la atm\u00f3sfera hasta el fondo de los oc\u00e9anos. Este espacio vital abarca unas zonas llamadas biociclos: el biociclo del agua salada (mares y oc\u00e9anos), biociclo…<\/p>\n

    Seguir leyendo…<\/i><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":-1,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[71,4,5],"class_list":["post-412","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ecologia","tag-biosfera","tag-ecologia","tag-general"],"yoast_head":"\nECOLOG\u00cdA GENERAL - LA BIOSFERA - Aula de Naturaleza educativa<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/natureduca.com\/aula\/ecologia-general-la-biosfera\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ECOLOG\u00cdA GENERAL - LA BIOSFERA - Aula de Naturaleza educativa\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Introducci\u00f3n La biosfera es la parte de la corteza terrestre en la cual se desarrolla o es posible la vida, es decir, desde determinada altura de la atm\u00f3sfera hasta el fondo de los oc\u00e9anos. 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